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Intelligent construction technology of railway engineering in China

Chunfang LU, Junfei LIU, Yanhong LIU, Yuming LIU

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2019年第6卷第4期页码 503-516 doi: 10.1007/s42524-019-0073-9

摘要： Intelligent construction technology has been widely used in the field of railway engineering. This work first analyzes the connotation, function, and characteristics of intelligent construction of railway engineering (ICRE) and establishes its system structure from three dimensions, namely, life cycle, layers of management, and intelligent function, to deeply understand the development situation of intelligent railway construction in China. Second, seven key technical support systems of ICRE, which include building information modeling (BIM) standard system for China’s railway sector, technology management platform and life cycle management based on BIM+GIS (geography information system), ubiquitous intelligent perception system, intelligent Internet-of-Things (IoT) communication system based on mobile interconnection, construction management platform based on cloud computing and big data, unmanned operation system based on artificial intelligence, intelligent machinery and robot, and intelligent operation and maintenance system based on BIM and PHM (prediction and health management), are established. Third, ICRE is divided into three development stages: primary (perception), intermediate (substitution), and advanced (intelligence). The evaluation index system of each stage is provided from the aspects of technology and function. Finally, this work summarizes and analyzes the application situation of ICRE in the entire railway sector of China, represented by Beijing–Zhangjiakou and Beijing–Xiong’an high-speed railways. Result shows that the technical support systems of the ICRE have emerged in China and are still in the process of deepening basic technology research and preliminary application. In the future, the ICRE of China’s railway sector will develop toward a higher stage.

关键词： China railway sector intelligent construction railway engineering informatization development stage

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Energy rebound effect in China’s manufacturing sector: Fresh evidence from firm-level data

《工程管理前沿（英文）》页码 439-451 doi: 10.1007/s42524-022-0210-8

摘要： The rebound effect refers to the phenomenon that individuals tend to consume more energy in the face of energy efficiency improvement, which reduces the expected energy-saving effect. Previous empirical studies on the rebound effect of regions and sectors do not provide microscopic evidence. To fill this gap, we use China’s firm-level data to estimate the rebound effect in China’s manufacturing subsectors, providing a detailed picture of China’s rebound effect across different sectors and different regions in 2001–2008. Results show that a partial rebound effect robustly appears in all industries, and the disparity between sectors is quite broad, ranging from 43.2% to 96.8%. As for the dynamic rebound effect of subsectors, most subsectors present an upward trend, whereas few subsectors show a clear downward trend. As a whole, the declined trend of the rebound effect is driven by the descent of minority sectors with high energy consumption and high energy-saving potential. In addition, we find that the disparity of the rebound effect across sectors is more significant than that across regions.

关键词： energy rebound effect energy efficiency manufacturing sector firm-level data China

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Carbon footprint assessment for the waste management sector: A comparative analysis of China and Japan

Lu SUN, Zhaoling LI, Minoru FUJII, Yasuaki HIJIOKA, Tsuyoshi FUJITA

《能源前沿（英文）》 2018年第12卷第3期页码 400-410 doi: 10.1007/s11708-018-0565-z

摘要：

Waste management is becoming a crucial issue in modern society owing to rapid urbanization and the increasing generation of municipal solid waste (MSW). This paper evaluates the carbon footprint of the waste management sector to identify direct and indirect carbon emissions, waste recycling carbon emission using a hybrid life cycle assessment and input-output analysis. China and Japan was selected as case study areas to highlight the effects of different industries on waste management. The results show that the life cycle carbon footprints for waste treatment are 59.01 million tons in China and 7.01 million tons in Japan. The gap between these footprints is caused by the different waste management systems and treatment processes used in the two countries. For indirect carbon footprints, China’s material carbon footprint and depreciation carbon footprint are much higher than those of Japan, whereas the purchased electricity and heat carbon footprint in China is half that of Japan. China and Japan have similar direct energy consumption carbon footprints. However, CO₂emissions from MSW treatment processes in China (46.46 million tons) is significantly higher than that in Japan (2.72 million tons). The corresponding effects of waste recycling on CO₂ emission reductions are considerable, up to 181.37 million tons for China and 96.76 million tons for Japan. Besides, measures were further proposed for optimizing waste management systems in the two countries. In addition, it is argued that the advanced experience that developed countries have in waste management issues can provide scientific support for waste treatment in developing countries such as China.

关键词： waste management waste recycling carbon footprint hybrid LCA

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Comparative analysis of energy use in China building sector: current status, existing problems and solutions

Shengyuan ZHANG, Xiu YANG, Yi JIANG, Qingpeng WEI,

《能源前沿（英文）》 2010年第4卷第1期页码 2-21 doi: 10.1007/s11708-010-0023-z

摘要： Energy use in buildings has attracted more and more attention due to its significant proportion in the energy pan of the world. China is the second largest energy user, yet the situation of energy use in the China building sector remains unclear, due to problems of statistics and data processing and problematic use of these data. In this paper, a series of methods is developed, in the first place, to give strict definitions of energy data and to divide energy use into 4 sub-sectors according to the unique situation of China. Then, each sub-sector is further analyzed through international comparisons. Existing problems of energy use and solutions for energy reduction in each sub-sector are also discussed. Accordingly, it is found that China uses much less energy, in terms of both per capita and unit area, in buildings than developed countries. The difference in energy use could be attributed, in large part, to lifestyles of local people, which could determine their way of energy use but is more determined by cultural concepts than by others such as income, technique and so on, especially in China. However, to fulfill the requirements of lifestyles with higher living standards and lower energy consumption, technological innovations are needed.

关键词： building energy use lifestyle and technology residential building commercial building rural building

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中国铁路“走出去”市场研究

朱颖,张雪才,许佑顶,刘永欣

《中国工程科学》 2017年第19卷第5期页码 49-55 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2017.05.009

摘要：

本文从“走出去”的宏观经济趋势背景出发，探索促进中国铁路发展的动因和趋势，结合全球铁路建设需求和制约市场选择的要素，定量分析了中国铁路“走出去”的市场规模和细分市场，筛选出中国铁路“走出去”的重点区域和重点项目。

关键词：中国铁路“走出去”；铁路市场需求；市场选择

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加强我国铁路煤炭运输通道建设的思考

宋彩萍

《中国工程科学》 2009年第11卷第9期页码 78-80

摘要：

中国煤炭资源主要分布在西北部，尤其是“三西”地区(即山西、陕西北部、内蒙古西部地区)，煤炭消费重心在东部和中南地区，形成了北煤南运、西煤东运的格局，长期以来，煤炭一直是铁路运输的重点。加强煤炭运输通道建设，保障煤炭安全稳定供给，对于增强国民经济运行的安全性和可靠性，保障国家能源战略安全具有非常重要的意义。

关键词：铁路煤炭运输通道建设

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State versus private sector provision of water services in Armenia

Naira HARUTYUNYAN

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2012年第6卷第5期页码 620-630 doi: 10.1007/s11783-012-0425-8

摘要： Despite increasing advocacy and adaptation of public-private model of water governance worldwide since the 1990s, today only 5% of the world’s population is served by water utilities with private involvement. The present article examines the experience of the water sector in Armenia with private sector participation. The study describes the process of the introduction of public-private partnerships in the water sector and focuses on analyzing the impact of privatization on water utility performance. The analysis employs the partial indicator method for evaluating the impacts in relation to operational, finance, and environmental performance, done by drawing on the database for the five water companies in Armenia. The empirical evidence shows that private participation in general led to improved overall performance. In particular, private involvement resulted in increased operational efficiency in terms of labor productivity, water metering, continuity of service, and revenue collection efficiency. There were mixed improvements in the operating cost coverage ratio. As for environmental performance, there were gains in the reduction of residential water consumption, accompanied, however, by an increase in non-revenue water.

关键词： water governance water privatization public-private partnership operational efficiency Armenia transition economy

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中国铁路“走出去”发展战略研究

孙永福,何华武,郑健,林仲洪,杨瑛,田亚明

《中国工程科学》 2017年第19卷第5期页码 1-8 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2017.05.001

摘要：

本文对中国铁路“走出去”面临的机遇和挑战进行了分析，提出了中国铁路“走出去”的指导思想、基本原则和战略目标。针对周边国家、“一带一路”沿线国家、非洲和拉美地区、欧美发达地区以及装备制造合作等不同特点，制定了中国铁路“走出去”总体布局，确立了咨询先行、合作联盟、技术创新、本土化运作和中铁品牌五大战略。从顶层设计、境外咨询、金融支持、风险防控、国际影响、人才建设六个方面提出了推进中国铁路“走出去”的措施建议。

关键词：中国铁路“走出去” 铁路市场需求市场选择

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中国最长的铁路隧道

张海波, 杨昌宇

《工程（英文）》 2018年第4卷第2期页码 165-166 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2018.03.011

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创新的中国高速铁路技术(上)

何华武

《中国工程科学》 2007年第9卷第9期页码 4-18

摘要：

高速铁路是超大、复杂的系统工程。文章论述了中国铁路路情急需发展高速铁路；通过博采众长，研究试验，构建创新的中国高速铁路技术体系；介绍了近期高速铁路建设的工程实践。

关键词：中国高速铁路创新技术体系工程实践

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Application of nanotechnologies in the energy sector: A brief and short review

Ferric CHRISTIAN, EDITH, SELLY, Dendy ADITYAWARMAN, Antonius INDARTO

《能源前沿（英文）》 2013年第7卷第1期页码 6-18 doi: 10.1007/s11708-012-0219-5

摘要： Energy is of great importance in human life because of its benefits as the main resource for human activity. According to International Energy Agency (IEA), energy demands are expected to continue increasing until 2030. Because energy demand will never decrease, it is necessary to develop modern technology, such as nano-based technology, in order to obtain a more effective and efficient process to produce more energy. The application of nano technology or nano material in the field of energy, which involves lithium-ion battery, fuel cell, light emitting diode (LED), ultra-capacitor, and solar cell (including Gr?tzel cell), is a hot topic in many scientific researches. Unfortunately, its current development is hampered by the expensive cost of production compared to conventional technologies. Therefore, priority should be given to nano technology in the energy sector order to obtain higher efficiency, lower production cost, and easier in its application.

关键词： nanotechnology energy batteries fuel cell Gr?tzel cell solar cell

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Trends and driving forces of low-carbon energy technology innovation in China’s industrial sectors from

Xi ZHANG, Yong GENG, Yen Wah TONG, Harn Wei KUA, Huijuan DONG, Hengyu PAN

《能源前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第2期页码 473-486 doi: 10.1007/s11708-021-0738-z

摘要： Low-carbon energy technology (LC) innovation contributes to both environmental protection and economic development. Using the panel data of 30 provinces/autonomous regions/municipalities in China from 1998 to 2017, this paper constructs a two-layer logarithmic mean Divisia index (LMDI) model to uncover the factors influencing the variation of the innovation of LC in China’s industrial sectors, including the alternative energy production technology (AEPT) and the energy conversation technology (ECT). The results show that China’s industrial LC patent applications rapidly increased after 2005 and AEPT patent applications outweighed ECT patent applications all the time with a gradually narrowing gap. Low-carbon degree played the dominant role in promoting the increase in China’s industrial LC patent applications, followed by the economic scale, R&D (research and development) efficiency, and R&D share. Economic structure contributed to the increases in LC patent applications in the central and the western regions, while led to the decreases in the eastern region, the north-eastern region, and Chinese mainland . Low-carbon degree and economic scale were two main contributors to the growths of both industrial AEPT patent applications and ECT patent applications in Chinese mainland and the four regions. Several policy recommendations are made to further promote industrial innovation in China.

关键词： low-carbon energy technology (LC) logarithmic mean Divisia index (LMDI) industrial sector regional disparity China

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适应中国铁路“走出去”的产品技术标准发展策略研究

常山,杨琦,李娜,于冰

《中国工程科学》 2017年第19卷第5期页码 22-26 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2017.05.004

摘要：

本文总结中国铁路技术标准与国外铁路先进技术标准存在的主要差异，分析中国铁路“走出去”在产品技术标准方面遇到的技术壁垒以及中国铁路技术标准对国外铁路市场存在的适应性问题，提出中国铁路“走出去”的产品技术标准发展基本原则、发展目标，及针对不同类型东道国的应对策略，为促进中国铁路“走出去”的技术标准发展提供了相关的措施及建议。

关键词：中国铁路“走出去” 技术标准发展

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Exploration on Engineering Management Practice of China’s High Speed Railways

Yong-fu Sun

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2014年第1卷第3期页码 232-240 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2014043

摘要： This paper explores the principal motivations and successful experiences of the rapid development of China’s high speed railway. In the perspective of the engineering management practice, the developers have studied and made prospective mid- and long-term railway network planning, including the four east-west and four north-south corridors as the backbone, the interregional urban passenger traffic corridors and the intercity railways, with a planning scale above 16,000 km. Under the overall coordination of the government, a high speed railway technology system has been formed with the China’s characteristics, by the way of sticking to independent innovation, of combining original innovation, collaborative innovation and integrative innovation, and of attaching importance to experimental verification. The target control system and support-guarantee system were established for the high speed railway project, enacting standardized management, strengthening integration test and commissioning, conducting strict acceptance, and achieving construction management experiences on the high speed railway. Finally, this paper proposes such issues worthy of attention and further study, as the improvement of the engineering decision-making management, the enhancement of investment and financing system reform, and the promotion of professionalization and the specialization of engineering project management.

关键词： high speed railway engineering management practice innovation

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中国铁路运营“走出去”发展策略研究

高峰,刘东,李文杰,郑乃明,马思远

《中国工程科学》 2017年第19卷第5期页码 44-48 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2017.05.008

摘要：

本文深入分析了中国铁路运营“走出去”存在的问题，如中国铁路建设与运营脱节、运营企业缺乏“走出去”的主动性、跨文化管理经验不足等问题，提出了转化现有理念和机制，融合国内外标准、规章、维修、安全、能力、绩效评价等管理体系，实现运营角色由提供服务向提供咨询的转变，加强跨文化管理人才储备，完善人才培养与储备机制等发展策略。

关键词：中国铁路运营管理体系跨文化